Nylon was developed by the outstanding American scientist Carothers (Carothers) and a scientific research team under his leadership. It was the first synthetic fiber to appear in the world. The emergence of nylon has given a new look to textiles. Its synthesis is a major breakthrough in the synthetic fiber industry and a very important milestone in polymer chemistry.
main products
With the miniaturization of automobiles, the higher performance of electronic and electrical equipment, and the acceleration of the process of lightweight mechanical equipment, the demand for nylon will be higher and greater. Especially nylon, as a structural material, puts forward high requirements on its strength, heat resistance, and cold resistance. The inherent shortcomings of nylon are also important factors that limit its application. Especially for the two major varieties of
Pa6 and
Pa66, they have a strong price advantage compared with varieties such as PA46 and PAl2, although some properties cannot meet the development requirements of related industries. Therefore, it is necessary to expand its application field by modifying and improving some of its properties for a certain application field. Due to the strong polarity of PA, it has strong hygroscopicity and poor dimensional stability, but it can be improved by modification.
1. Enhanced PA
30% glass fiber is added to PA, the mechanical properties, dimensional stability, heat resistance, aging resistance of PA are obviously improved, and fatigue resistance
nylon
The intensity is 2.5 times the unreinforced. The molding process of glass fiber reinforced PA is roughly the same as that of unreinforced PA, but because the flow is worse than before reinforcement, the injection pressure and injection speed should be appropriately increased, and the barrel temperature should be increased by 10-40°C. Since the glass fiber is oriented along the flow direction during the injection molding process, the mechanical properties and shrinkage rate will increase in the orientation direction, resulting in deformation and warpage of the product. Therefore, when designing the mold, the position and shape of the gate should be reasonable, and the process can be improved. The temperature of the mold, put the product in hot water after taking it out, and let it cool down slowly. In addition, the greater the proportion of glass fiber added, the greater the wear on the plasticizing components of the injection molding machine. It is better to use bimetallic screws and barrels.
2. Flame retardant PA
Because flame retardants are added to PA, most flame retardants are easy to decompose at high temperature, release acidic substances, and have a corrosive effect on metals. Therefore, plasticizing components (screw, rubber head, rubber ring, rubber Washers, flanges, etc.) need to be plated with hard chrome. In terms of technology, try to control the temperature of the barrel not to be too high and the injection speed not to be too fast to avoid discoloration of the product and degradation of mechanical properties due to the decomposition of the rubber material due to the high temperature.
3. Transparent PA
It has good tensile strength, impact strength, rigidity, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, surface hardness and other properties, high light transmittance, similar to optical glass, processing temperature is 300-315 ℃, when molding processing, it needs Strictly control the temperature of the barrel. Too high melt temperature will cause discoloration of the product due to degradation, and too low temperature will affect the transparency of the product due to poor plasticization. The mold temperature should be as low as possible. A high mold temperature will reduce the transparency of the product due to crystallization.
4. Weather resistant PA
Adding carbon black and other ultraviolet absorbing additives to PA, these self-lubricating properties of PA and abrasion to metal are greatly enhanced, and it will affect blanking and wear parts during molding processing. Therefore, it is necessary to use a combination of screw, barrel, rubber head, rubber ring, and rubber gasket with strong feeding capacity and high wear resistance. The repeating structural unit on the polyamide molecular chain is a type of polymer with amide groups.
To sum it up, it is mainly modified in the following aspects:
①Improve the water absorption of nylon and improve the dimensional stability of products.
②Improve the flame retardancy of nylon to meet the requirements of electronics, electrical, communications and other industries.
nylon
③Improve the mechanical strength of nylon to achieve the strength of metal materials and replace metal
④Improve the low temperature resistance of nylon and enhance its ability to withstand environmental strains.
⑤Improve the abrasion resistance of nylon to adapt to the occasions with high requirements for abrasion resistance. ⑥Improve the antistatic property of nylon to meet the requirements of mines and their mechanical applications.
⑦Improve the heat resistance of nylon to adapt to areas with high temperature conditions such as automobile engines.
⑧Reduce the cost of nylon and improve product competitiveness.
In short, through the above improvements, the high performance and functionalization of nylon composite materials will be realized, and the products of related industries will be promoted to develop in the direction of high performance and high quality.
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